Hey young coder! 👋 So, guess what? I recently visited the Kingdom of Python, and lemme tell you—it was mind-blowingly magical! 🌟 I met a bunch of creatures like Integers, Strings, Lists, and even weirdos like Tuples and Dictionaries. But here’s the coolest thing I discovered…

🎉 EVERYTHING in Python is an Object! Yep! Even numbers, words, and those curly-bracket thingies. Wanna go on a quick adventure? Pack your curiosity—let’s dive in!

🏰 Scene 1: The Birthday Party of Little “age”

Meet age, a young integer who just turned 8.

age = 8

Now, you might think age is just a plain number. But noooo—he’s actually an object with superpowers, aka attributes and methods.

Let’s peek into his magical toolkit:

print(age.real)   # 8 (his real-world form)
print(age.imag)   # 0 (he has no imaginary twin)
print(age.bit_length())  # 4

🧙‍♂️ bit_length() tells us how many bits you’d need to represent the number in binary. (Just imagine it saying, “I need 4 bits to look cool in binary fashion 👓”).

🪄 Scene 2: The List That Loved to Grow

Then I met a list named items. She was super friendly and loved collecting things!

items = [1, 2]
items.append(3)
print(items)  # [1, 2, 3]

When she wanted to toss away something, she used her pop() power:

items.pop()
print(items)  # [1, 2]

Every object in Python has its own kind of magical tools (aka methods), depending on what kind of object it is. So, integers have mathy powers, and lists have collecting powers! Cool, right?

🕵️‍♀️ Scene 3: Tracking the Memory Footprints

Now, Python has this secret tracker spell called id(). It tells you where your object lives in your computer’s memory.

Let’s go back to age:

age = 8
print(id(age))  # 👀 Some memory address like 140535918671808

age = 9
print(id(age))  # 🚨 New address like 140535918671840

Whoa! The address changed! 🏃‍♂️ It’s like age moved to a new house just because we gave it a new value!

But now let’s spy on our friend items again:

items = [1, 2]
print(id(items))  # Let's say 140093713593920

items.append(3)
print(id(items))  # Still 140093713593920

🧠💥 Even though we added stuff to her, she stayed in the same house. That’s because…

🔐 Scene 4: Mutable vs Immutable—The Royal Families

Here’s how the Kingdom of Python is divided:

Family Name Type Can Change? Examples
Immutableians Immutable ❌ Nope! int, float, str, tuple
Mutablos Mutable ✅ Yes! list, dict, set

So, when you do this:

age = 8
age += 1
print(id(age))

You’re actually creating a whole new age, not changing the old one. That’s classic Immutableian behavior!

But our girl items the list? She’s a Mutablo. She can totally change without switching homes!

🎁 Moral of the Story: Know Thy Object!

Whenever you’re working in Python, remember this:

  • Every value you use is an object. Yup—even simple stuff like 5 or "hello".
  • Objects come with cool powers called methods.
  • Some objects can mutate (change themselves), while others just pack their bags and move (get reassigned).
  • Use id() like a memory detective tool to see if you’re still talking to the same object.

🧪 Practice Time! Let’s Flex Our Magic 🧙🏽‍♀️

  1. What will this print?

    x = 3
print(x.bit_length())

  2. Is this list mutable or immutable? Why?

    items = [4, 5, 6]

  3. Try this out! What happens to the id when you do this?

    name = "Code"
print(id(name))
name += "Master"
print(id(name))

  4. How can you prove that integers are immutable using id()?

  5. Fill in the blank:

    If I use the .append() method on a list, the object’s memory address will __________.

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